Food Almanac

Food Calendar
This is Worldwide Roux Day. Making roux is a cl assical French culinary technique dating back to the 1600s. But nowhere in the world is it done as much as in Southeast Louisiana. Although there are many ways to make a roux, we all seem to agree that making it one way or another is essential to get the distinctive flavor and texture of Creole and Cajun food. It thickens sauces, adds color, and contributes a special mouthfeel and nutty flavor.

Roux as we know it in Louisiana is a blend of flour and fat. The latter can be almost anything: butter, oil, or rendered animal fat. It's cooked with the flour until it reaches the color the cook wants. The essential technique is simple, but taxing: you have to keep stirring and scraping the bottom of the pot to keep the mixture from burning. Burned roux can't be repaired. It has an unmistakably horrible flavor.

Going back to the beginning: as the flour and fat cook its texture changes to create blond roux--the first stage, used for some dishes as a thickener, and for making bechamel. It keeps getting darker, at an increasing rate, as it cooks, going through a distinctly reddish stage (the word "roux" is a reference to this redness), to dark brown and finally almost black. By that point it's extremely hot. It has been called "Cajun napalm" for what happens if a big blob of hot roux happens to splash on your arm.

Everybody has a different way of making roux. French chefs usually cook it dry on the oven, and add the oil later. Some cooks heat the oil very hot first then add the flour and stir like mad as the roux darkens with alarming rapidity. With a lower heat, it's less tricky, but takes more time. Roux can even be made in the microwave oven by nuking it in diminishing bursts and stirring in between. (A very strong glass container is needed, and there's still risk of breakage.)

The standard home use of roux is to add the other ingredients for the dish when the roux is the right color. The vegetables will also cool the roux as they cook. Most chefs, however, make a large amount of roux, and add it as they need it to the pot. That way they get the exact right amount of thickening and darkening.

The Old Kitchen Sage Sez:
The first step in making a roux involves neither flour nor oil, but chopping the vegetables you will throw into the roux when it gets to the color you want. Or filling a cup with stock and placing it within easy reach of your roux position.

Music To Puree Vegetables By
Fred Waring was born today in 1900. He was best known for his Big Band, the Pennsylvanians, in the 1930s and 1940s. He played sweet music, as opposed to jazz. But his longest-lasting legacy is the Waring Blender. He didn't invent it, but he improved the concept so much that his version of it became the standard blender design, the one we use even now. Food processors supplanted it for many uses, but the blender is still an essential kitchen tool, and has seen a resurgence in recent years.

Annals Of Soft Drinks
Hires Root Beer made its first appearance in 1869 on this date. It is still widely available. There still is a Hires Root Beer barrel behind the bar at Mother's. It is not only the original root beer, but the oldest continuously-marketed brand of any kind of soft drink. It started as a make-it-yourself herbal tea of roots, berries, and leaves. But Charles E. Hires thought the name "root beer" would have more appeal than "herbal tea." I remember it tasted a lot different from Barq's, which probably explains its rarity in these parts.

Edible Dictionary
sassafras, n.--One of several species of tree that grows in the eastern half of the United States. Its leaves, when dried and ground, are the only ingredient of gumbo filé, an aromatic herb added to gumbo at the table. The leaves have a big-time nonconformity: they come in three shapes, all mixed together on every specimen of the tree. One of them is a standard point-oval leaf shape. The second looks like a mitten. The third has a large central lobe and a smaller lobe on each side of it. The roots were once used to make root beer, but were banned from that use in 1960 because of evidence it caused liver damage and cancer.

Appetizing Places
Sassafras, Maryland is a rural crossroads in the northeastern corner of the state, eighty-two miles east of Baltimore by road but only about fifty air miles away. Chesapeake Bay is in the way. The nearby Sassafras River is an upper reach of the bay. So is Herring Branch, a tributary of the Sassafras on the south side of the community. The name gets its name from the tree, which grows in substantial numbers along the streams. To find the nearest restaurant, walk along the south side of the Sassafras River for four miles to the Kitty Knight House in Galena.

Annals Of Fast Food
Joseph Horn and Frank Hardart opened the first Automat restaurant in Philadelphia today in 1902. You'd insert coins into a slot next to the glass door displaying the dish you wanted, and the door would unlock, allowing you to remove your dish. Meanwhile, a full kitchen staff was back there cooking more food and plating it up to fill all those little windows. It was the first fast food restaurant--although its menu had nothing on common with the fast food of today. Automats were especially popular in New York in the 1920s through the 1950s, when they began to fade. At their peak, the 157 Automats served over a half-million people a day. It now seems a very strange way of serving food, but it worked for those whose only goal was to allay their hunger. The last Automat closed in New York in 1991.

Inventions In Eating
Although George Washington is famous for wearing them, the patent for false teeth was claimed today in 1822 by Charles Graham. It may seem strange now, but the main effect of the appliance was to prevent starvation in older people. Now there's so much food out there with what seems to be a pre-chewed texture that a toothless person could probably get by, if he could stand looking funny.

Music To Eat Your Sweets By
Jelly Roll Morton recorded Jelly Roll Blues today in 1924. It's not really about the spiral cake rolled up with jelly, although no internal evidence in the lyrics betrayed this.

Food Namesakes
In 1969 today, Warren Burger was confirmed as the new Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. . . Cole Porter, one of the two or three greatest composers of American popular songs in the 1930s and 1940s, was born today in 1891. He had a rare name that includes both food and drink words. . . Luigi Fagioli, Italian racecar driver, started his engine today in 1898. (Fagioli is Italian for beans.)

Words To Eat By
"The various kinds of roux are used as the thickening agents for basic sauces, and their preparation, which appears to be of little importance, should actually be carried out with a great deal of care and attention."--August Escoffier.

Words To Drink By
Woman first tempted man to eat; he took to drinking of his own accord.--Unknown.



Outside World

Iconic Restaurants Of America.
This is a slideshow of long-running, irreplaceable restaurants throughout the country. The New Orleans entries are Commander's Palace and Cafe Du Monde. The ones in other cities seem marked more by their uniqueness than their food. Click here for the article.

Dining On The Floor.
It involves yoga. I don't think I'd fit into this dining room, but maybe you might. Enjoy! Click here for the article.

The Man Who
Cured Hams.

Michael Katz--Master of the Worshipful Company of Butchers in England--passed away recently. He was the first to figure out how to cure hams more quickly than the months that things like prosciutto take. His method was unusual, used by just a few makers of ham now (although Chisesi still does it this way). Before he got into that, he was a kosher butcher. Interesting story. Click here for the article.

 



Food Funnies

What Do Too Many People Order?
If you said hamburger, you're right. But this is a much nicer restaurant. Still, the principle remains: the best idea is not the first thing you think of. Click here for the cartoon.

Kitchen Support Is Getting Complicated.
Are appliances actually able to perform better? Or do they make us do the performing? And laugh at us when we fail? Click here for the cartoon.

A Stringy,
Saucy Movie.

It sounds good. The intertwining of the slender, yielding protagonist in the presence of some beefy intruders has potential for a lot of plot twists. Click here for the cartoon.

 

 

 

Today's Menu

Dining Diary
Recovering from the gala. Watching a drama underwater. Dinner with an old buddy at Marigny Brasserie, which has transformed itself into a neighborhood cafe.

Restaurant Report
****
Irene's Cuisine.
One of those restaurant that has "it," Irene's draws locals to a part of the French Quarter where they rarely go otherwise, and the hippest visitors. Its Italian, but with a style of its own. And it smells great in there.

Recipe
Microwave Roux. I give you this recipe not because it works better than the conventional way (it's at best only as good), but because people ask me all the time and I want to warn them what could happen.

Appetizers
And Leftovers

Food News From All Over
Food Funnies
Resources For Subscribers
Links To Back Issues


Eat Club Vignette

Eat Club Dinners

Mandina's
Mandeville
Wed., June 9
Five courses, four wines --$60

greenball

Chad's Bistro
Metairie
Wed., June 16
Five courses, three wines --$55

Click here for
menus, info, and reservations.


Radio Man

Daily Radio Show


With Tom Fitzmorris
4-7 p.m. weekdays
1350 AM Radio

Listen Online

Call On Air:
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Report on or ask about any restaurant or recipe. If I don't know, someone listening will!

And, Sometimes...
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Cookbook

Tom Fitzmorris's New Orleans Food

My Best Recipes
Now in its eighth printing, here are the best dishes we're eating today in New Orleans, with clear, well-tested recipes you and your friends will love.

A Great Gift!
I would be pleased to personalize and autograph a copy of New Orleans Food for you or a friend.

Click here to order.


TalkFoodMan

Food Talk Forum

No other online New Orleans food forum has more posts or more interesting people. Tom answers questions and gives opinions, and you're welcome to do the same. All food, no nonsense. Edited and distilled to concentrate the flavors. Click here to read or join in!


HandStar

About The Ratings

Menu's restaurant ratings are based mostly on the degree to which the food excites us, and a little on environment, service, and other considerations. I rate restaurants relative to all other restaurants in the New Orleans area. Here's what the stars mean to me:

*****
Among the best locally.

****
Excellent and ambitious.

***
Worth crossing town for.

**
Recommended.

*
Acceptable.

No star
Unacceptable.

Cost Ratings

Each dollar sign indicates a ten-dollar range, including a normal meal for the restaurant (dinner, if they serve other meals), not including drinks, or tips. So, for example. . .

1$--$5-15
2$--$15-25
3$--$25-35

. . . and so on, with no upper limit. While this may seem to have mathematical precision, it varies from diner to diner as much as the star ratings do. So consider this an estimate.


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All Other Back Articles

List of All Open Restaurants

100 Best Restaurant Dishes

Top Ten Lists

Sunday Brunch List

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Eating Around New Orleans Today


1097 Restaurants Open Around Town

Three Appetizers And A Wine, $28
The summer promotion at Ralph's on the Park is one of the best around, and it just began. You get three appetizers and a glass of wine for $28. The selection is remarkable. Here's the list (the items marked with an * incur a $4 upcharge):

Turtle soup
Vinegar fries with béarnaise
Local Creole tomato tart with baby arugula
*Worcestershire & citrus glazed lamb spare ribs
Cauliflower soup with mini blue crab cake
Pan fried serrano-wrapped chicken livers with cream cheese grits
*Tuna two ways (tartare and cold-smoked with avocado)
City Park salad
Oysters Rockefeller reprise
*Tempura Maine lobster tail with a butter-poached claw
*House cured blueberry Atlantic salmon
Asparagus salad, roasted pecans, feta
Wild mushroom ravioli
Cajun scotch egg
Pork belly, fried green tomato, poblano-red onion slaw, Creole mustard butter
*Crabmeat ravigote napoleon

The wine choice is a little more restricted, but more than decent: Sauvignon Blanc Ladoucette “Les Deux Tours” 2007, and Pinot Noir Macmurray Ranch 2007. This deal is available all night, every night, through August 31.

**** Ralph's On The Park. Mid-City: 900 City Park Ave. 504-488-1000. Contemporary Creole.



Dining Diary

Monday, May 31. Memorial Day, and everything's on low power. I will need every minute of the day (and, as it will turn out, the week) to catch up on what went undone during last week's Graduation Gala.

This is one of the holidays on which I have always done a radio show, even though I know it will be a sleepy time. One day I may have to agree with Mary Ann that I am compulsive on this score. But if I'm not there, the management will fill in with ESPN programming, which will cause a small number of people to believe that I am no longer on the air and never tune in again. It's all I can do to get people over to 1350 to begin with, and I can't lose a soul. (A listener's or my own.)

Not helping the tenor of the day was Mary Ann's insistence that we couldn't so much as think of going out to eat with all the leftovers from yesterday's big party stuffing both refrigerators. I didn't even bother to ask. I just shut up and formed two mini-burgers into one normal-burger, grilled it, and ate it. Then back to work, as torrents of rain fell.

greenball

Tuesday, June 1. Underwater Photography. Marigny Brasserie With An Old Friend. The live video of the gushing oil well in the Gulf has captivated me. British Petroleum has moved on to its next strategy for stopping the flow, since the "top kill" gambit failed over the weekend. Now the underwater camera is going around the well, checking it out. And now a robotic arm is grabbing this and that. And now what looks like a deli-slicer blade is sawing through pipes. It's a diamond-tipped circular saw, I learned. It has no safety guard, because how can a robot cut off its finger? (I did notice that one of the robot's fingers was bent out of line, though.)

What they're trying to do is cut off the pipe from which most of the oil is spurting at the wellhead. This is risky, because it may greatly increase the amount of oil coming up. But then they will put a cap over the wellhead, hoping that the oil can be sucked up from there into a ship, instead of floating to the surface and fouling the coastline and waters.

Very bad news on that front. Barataria Bay--one of the most productive estuaries for Louisiana seafood and perhaps the best of all our oyster-bedding areas--is now taking in a flow of oil. The pictures of the oil-coated birds and dead reptiles inspire that mixture of pathos and anger that wrenches the gut, making you want to turn away just as you look for more of the disgusting scene.

Meanwhile, however, there is no shortage of local seafood in the restaurants. Even oysters are still around, in enough quantity that this weekend's New Orleans Oyster Festival on the riverfront will go ahead with enthusiasm. I am sticking with my prediction that by Thanksgiving we will still be cleaning up, but will wonder why we thought the end was so near.

A lot of people are that depressed. One of them is my sister Lynn. At the Graduation Gala, she asked me to convince her that things weren't as bad as she thinks they are. She said that she's as worried as I was after 9/11 (my all-time personal benchmark for depression, exceeding even the one caused by Katrina). I hope I convinced her to cheer up.

Dinner with Steve Singer, who is in town with his wife Serena for a week or so. Steve goes by his middle name Max now. He says I am grandfathered in to call him Steve, as he was known when he lived here full-time. He and I worked on a number of publishing projects in the 1970s and 1980s--he as the designer and illustrator, I as editor and writer. We were good enough friends that we dined together once or twice a week. His wife then introduced me to B., who I dated for a while. She was the first I ever considered marrying. I was just twenty-five at the time and got bachelor's cold feet. Mary Ann says I should have married her. What does that mean?

We dined at the Marigny Brasserie. I have not been there lately, and that's a restaurant that requires frequent checking. Its unpredictable changes of chefs and menus every year or so (sometimes more often) makes for wild swings of quality. The current menu is much downscale from what it has been in recent years. It's now closer to being a neighborhood café than the gourmet bistro it had always been before.

Soft shell crabs.

We started with a round of cocktails, then a double round of baked oysters in two flavors: Bywater (artichokes, andouille, and a cream sauce) and Italian (garlic, olive oil, bread crumbs, Parmesan). We polished them off quickly enough, and then were into the entrees. Steve was determined to have grillades and grits, even though the version here was offbeat: the grillades were pork instead of the usual veal. Serena ordered a soft-shell crab platter, which impressed her by being crisp and golden brown and including two crabs. I kept to myself something I noticed immediately. The shape of the crab carapaces said that these crabs had traveled a very long way to get to New Orleans.

Grilled drumfish.

Before me was a handsome fillet of drumfish, sprinkled with Creole seasoning and grilled. I asked to have hollandaise substituted for the crawfish cream sauce and red beans and rice for the mashed potatoes. No problem: the menu options included both these. I hate fish and mash, love fish and beans. And simply-prepared fish with hollandaise. The fish was beyond reproach. The red beans made me think that red beans may get better on the second day, but not on the third day.

The evening was delightful. Steve was his old New Orleans self again, always going for a laugh and usually coming up with something clever enough to get it. Serena has the zany turn of mind needed to appreciate his humor (and mine, for that matter). We laughed all night.

Steve showed me a copy of a new slick comic book he's planning on publishing called "The Dead Blue Dog." Anyone who has had a bellyful of the original Blue Dog (my hand is raised) will howl at this. His mood was in marked contrast to the one I saw when Steve and I had lunch in Manhattan last October. He seemed down, too focused on his age (just a little older than mine). Although we all have bad days, I am tempted to say that he'd be happier back here in New Orleans. But I don't know enough about his situation.

** Marigny Brasserie. Marigny: 640 Frenchmen. 504-945-4472. Contemporary Creole.



Restaurant Report

starstarstarstar
pricebar

Irene’s Cuisine

Italian.
French Quarter: 539 St. Philip. 504-529-8811. Map.
Dinner Monday-Saturday.
Casual.
AE DC MC V

WHY IT'S NOTEWORTHY
In a part of the French Quarter where most people on the streets are from out of town, Irene's stays full all the time with an enthusiastic mix of local diners and the most avid visitors. They are there for the best of reasons. The food here is lusty, aromatic, ample, simple, just offbeat enough to set it apart from other Italian restaurants, consistent. . . and something of a bargain. This formula has so much appeal that a major theme in any discussion of Irene's is "How long did you have to wait for a table?"

WHY IT'S GOOD
The menu shows a bit more influence from Northern Italy than most New Orleans Italian restaurants do. Pasta and red sauce is good here, but a footnote to the menu rather than a main theme. Roasting, sizzling in olive oil, rife sprinkling of fresh herbs and garlic, and fresh seafood are the main themes. The menu is abbreviated but covers a great deal of ground, with a dish or two from every common food category. And a bit more than that in the seafood department.

BACKSTORY
Irene DiPietro's family has run Italian restaurants around town for decades. She's related to the owner of Fausto's, for example. She and former partner Tommy Andrade--who departed to start up Tommy's in the CBD in the early 2000s--opened Irene's in the early 1990s. It was a hit from the first day, even in the face of a somewhat spartan space and an insufficiency of tables. But food conquered all.

Irene's dining room.

DINING ROOM
It's in an old paper warehouse with many odd spaces. The kitchen, entrance, and bar are not where you'd think to find them. The dark main dining room isn't big enough to accommodate everybody who'd like to eat there, and some tables outside it are not very comfortable. The service is thoroughly friendly but usually a little scarcer than optimal.

Oysters Irene.

ESSENTIAL DISHES
Parma prosciutto with marinated artichokes
Oysters Irene (pancetta and Romano; photo above)
Mussels marinara
Escargots in mushroom caps with garlic butter
Paneed oysters and grilled shrimp
Crabmeat gratin
Ricotta and spinach ravioli
House salad (greens and tomatoes)
Caesar salad
Sauteed fish with shrimp, roasted peppers and corn macquechoux
Pompano amandine
Cioppino (Italian fish stew with pasta)
Shrimp or mussels with linguine
Soft-shell crab with pasta and crawfish sauce
Veal cannelloni
Chicken rosemarino (roasted half, with garlic and rosemary)
Duck St. Philip (raspberry and pancetta demi-glace)
Veal marsala
Lamb Provencal
Bistecca alla fiorentina (ribeye)
Tiramisu

FOR BEST RESULTS
Show up right when the place opens if you don't like waiting.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVEMENT
There is no good place to wait for a table here. The reservation system is sketchy and can't be counted upon. It was nice when they were open for lunch for a while after the hurricane, but that meal is gone now.

FACTORS OTHER THAN FOOD
Up to three points, positive or negative, for these characteristics. Absence of points denotes average performance in the matter.

SPECIAL ATTRIBUTES



Recipe

Microwave Roux

For awhile, I went over to making most dark roux in the microwave oven. I've backed away from the idea, but I still do it at times. At first, I thought it speeded the process up, but now I don't think it does.

Although it has never happened to me, I understand that even heat-proof glass (and you should use no other kind) can suddenly shatter while making something that gets as hot as a roux does. When you take the container out of the oven to stir, put it on top of a dishcloth, not on a cold counter.

The surprise to me is that a roux gets hotter than almost anything else you can put in a microwave. It is possible to burn a roux in the microwave--but not as likely as in the pot on the stove. This must be dealt with by using shorter and shorter bursts between stirrings.

1. Combine the flour and oil in a heat-proof (i.e., Pyrex) measuring cup. Stir it to blend it as completely as you can.

2. Microwave the mixture on high for 2:30 (two minutes and thirty seconds). Remove it from the microwave and stir it very well with a teaspoon or a fork, breaking up any clumps of flour. You may be able to get a smooth mixture (or maybe not), but that is the ideal.

3. Microwave again for 1:30. Remove and stir very well, until smooth. Be careful! This stuff will now be very hot, and the cup and the business end of the stirring implement will be hot enough to burn you severely. (The handle of the cup is usually safe to grasp--but don't take that on faith!)

4. Microwave for 45 seconds. The roux now will be hot enough to continue cooking and darkening while you're stirring it, so keep stirring it, scraping the bottom of the cup and breaking all clumps immediately, until you have a smooth paste. Then stir for another 30 seconds at least.

5. The roux should be dark enough for most purposes by now, but if you want it darker still, microwave it in bursts of 15 seconds or less, with long stirring in between. When it reaches the color you want, keep stirring until it has cooled enough to stop cooking. Or stir in the chopped onions, celery, etc. from the recipe you're working on.

Makes about 2/3 cup of roux.